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ULSACMUN 2019
United Nations Security Council
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Chair:
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President: Priscila Jinsil Kim
Moderator: Bruno Piera Sánchez
Conference Officer: Santiago Sánchez Ramos
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Contact your Chair at:
Topic A: Immediate control of the Lord's Resistance Army's encounters in the Central Africa.
The Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) has been one of central Africa’s cruelest and most enduring armed groups over the past 30 years. The LRA has abducted over 67,000 youth, including 30,000 children, for use as child soldiers, sex slaves, and porters, and has brutalized communities since its inception in 1987.12 It was designated as a terrorist group by the United States and prompted the first ever set of arrest warrants by the International Criminal Court against the LRA’s leader, Joseph Kony, and other top commanders.
The group draws income from elephant ivory, gold, and diamonds, and has received support from the Government of Sudan since 1994. The LRA has contributed to the slaughter of elephants in Garamba National Park in eastern Congo, in order to trade ivory and maintain their activities.
The Lord’s Resistance Army fight, in pursuit for the implementing of theocratic states, has involved Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Center African Republic and South Sudan, mainly, generating near 100,000 casualties.
Today, Kony remains at large, with defectors saying that he is mainly in and around the Sudan-controlled disputed enclave of Kafia Kingi. In a major blow to human rights, the United States in March 2017 announced that it is withdrawing the vast majority of its counter-LRA mission by the end of April 2017.
The UN should continue supporting efforts to apprehend Kony and encourage defections, and Uganda and the African Union must continue the counter-LRA mission. Completely abandoning the mission would create a vacuum of security for vulnerable communities in the Central African Republic and northeastern Congo, and dis-incentivize defectors by eliminating key surrender sites. The United States should maintain its commitment to defection messaging, support to LRA-affected communities, and the ultimate capture and prosecution of Kony.
The ongoing problem has been one of the longer lasting in Africa, and neither the United Nations Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC), nor the United States’ involvement, have gotten any results. How can this movement be appeased with no further international intervention and the respect towards the group’s beliefs?
Topic B: United Nations observer mission in El Salvador (January 8, 1993)
On 20 May 1991, following the Secretary-General's recommendation, the Security Council, by its resolution 693, decided to establish the United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL), as an integrated peacekeeping operation, to monitor all agreements concluded between the Government of El Salvador and the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN). The Mission's initial mandate was to verify the compliance by the parties with the San José‚ Agreement on Human Rights.
The establishment of ONUSAL in 1991 came about as a result of a complex negotiating process, initiated by the Government of El Salvador and the FMLN in September 1989 and conducted by the parties under the auspices of the United Nations Secretary-General. The objective of the negotiations was to achieve a series of political agreements aimed at resolving the prolonged armed conflict in El Salvador by political means as speedily as possible, promoting democratization in the country, guaranteeing unrestricted respect for human rights and reunifying Salvadorian society. It was envisaged that implementation of all agreements that might be signed between the two parties would be subject to verification by the United Nations.
The first substantive agreement was achieved on 26 July 1990, when the Government of El Salvador and FMLN signed, at San José, Costa Rica, the Agreement on Human Rights. This Agreement provided for the establishment of a United Nations verification mission to monitor nationwide respect for and the guarantee of human rights and fundamental freedoms in El Salvador. According to the Agreement, the Mission was to take up its duties as of the cessation of the armed conflict. Shortly after signing the Agreement, however, the two parties independently requested that the Mission be set up even before a cease-fire, leading the Secretary-General to send a preliminary mission in March 1991 to help him determine the feasibility of acceding to this request.
After a series of events, on January 14, 1992, the Security Council, by its resolution 729, unanimously decided to enlarge ONUSAL's mandate and to increase its strength in order to fulfill verification requirements of the agreements. This led to a new stage of this conflict.
In this simulation, delegates will set themselves on the first days of January, 1993 when, even though the armed conflict seems to have ended, the new Government of El Salvador is asking the Security Council to extend the mandate of ONUSAL for a second time. It would be the delegates’ prerogative to carefully analyze the situation and give an answer to this request.
Unfortunaly, due to the lack of delegates,
United Nations Security Council,
won't open as a Committee for
ULSACMUN 2019. ​
We are so sorry!
